Scales

Food Quality Scale (FQS)

A psychometric review of the Food Quality Scale (FQS) developed by Namkung and Jang (2007),...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Servicescape Scale (SS)

A comprehensive psychometric overview of the Servicescape Scale (SS), assessing ambient conditions, spatial layout, and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

LODGSERV Scale

The LODGSERV scale is an industry-specific psychometric instrument designed to evaluate perceived service quality and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Destination Brand Equity Scale (DBE)

Comprehensive academic psychometric profile of the Destination Brand Equity Scale (DBE), evaluating consumer-based brand awareness,...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Destination Authenticity Scale (DAS-A)

A comprehensive academic psychometrics review of the Destination Authenticity Scale (DAS-A), analyzing its theoretical grounding...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Destination Satisfaction Scale (DSS)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Destination Satisfaction Scale (DSS) developed by Metin Kozak and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Destination Loyalty Scale (DLS)

The Destination Loyalty Scale (DLS) is a validated psychometric instrument developed by Yooshik Yoon and...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Place Attachment Scale

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Place Attachment Scale (PAS) developed by Williams and Vaske...

September 6, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti