Scales

Four Needs Questionnaire

The Four Needs Questionnaire (FNQ), developed by Lisa Zadro, Kipling D. Williams, and Rick Richardson,...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Community Value Orientation (CVO)

A comprehensive academic psychometrics review of the Community Value Orientation (CVO) scale developed by Burroughs...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Charity Support Importance (CSIMP)

Comprehensive academic overview of the Charity Support Importance (CSIMP) scale developed by Lichtenstein, Drumwright, and...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Intellectual Conviction Scale

The Intellectual Conviction Scale (ICS), developed by Milton Rokeach and Albert Eglash in 1956, is...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Interpersonal Power Inventory (IPI)

The Interpersonal Power Inventory (IPI), developed by Bertram Raven, Joseph Schwarzwald, and Meni Koslowsky in...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti