Scales

Brand Personality Scale (BPS)

A comprehensive psychometric review of the Brand Personality Scale (BPS) developed by Jennifer Aaker, detailing...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Sponsorship Authenticity Scale (SAS)

The Sponsorship Authenticity Scale (SAS) is a 15-item psychometric instrument measuring consumer perceptions of brand...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Consumer Engagement Scale (CES-Brand)

A comprehensive academic guide to the Consumer Engagement Scale (CES-Brand) developed by Hollebeek, Glynn, and...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Risk Scale (PRS)

A comprehensive academic evaluation of the Perceived Risk Scale (PRS) established by Jacoby and Kaplan...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM)

A comprehensive academic analysis of Peter van Westendorp's Price Sensitivity Meter (PSM), detailing its psychometric...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

AI Trust Scale (AIT)

The AI Trust Scale (AIT) is a validated psychometric instrument designed to evaluate user trust...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Brand Equity Scale (BE-Yoo)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Brand Equity Scale (BE-Yoo) developed by Boonghee Yoo and...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Compulsive Buying Scale (CBS-Faber)

Comprehensive academic overview of the Compulsive Buying Scale (CBS-Faber), detailing its regression-based scoring formula, psychometric...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Online Trust Scale (OTS)

A comprehensive psychometric review of the Online Trust Scale (OTS) developed by Gefen, Karahanna, and...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Social Media Engagement Scale

The Social Media Engagement Scale (SMES), developed by Schivinski, Christodoulides, and Dabrowski (2016), measures consumer...

September 5, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti